Turtles of the World Checklist

• The diversity of turtles in the world that have existed in modern times (since 1500 AD), and currently recognized as distinct by specialists in turtle taxonomy and systematics, consists of approximately 324 species, and 142 additional subspecies, or 466 total turtle taxa.

• As there is always some disagreement among experts as to which taxa are distinct and valid and at what systematic level (species or subspecies), these numbers are variable depending on the authorities presenting their data or interpretations. For a current listing of all recognized modern turtle taxa as of November 2007, with extensive annotations regarding areas of recent taxonomic change, instability, or controversy, see the recent publication by the Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (2007b), available as a downloadable pdf here.

• Of all turtle taxa, 7 species plus 1 additional subspecies are marine turtles and are not dealt with by the TFTSG, leaving 317 species, 141 additional subspecies, and 458 total taxa of modern tortoises and freshwater turtles. (See the website for the IUCN/SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group for further details about conservation of marine turtles.)

• Of the currently recognized modern tortoise and freshwater turtle taxa, 7 species plus 3 additional subspecies (10 total taxa) have gone extinct since 1500 AD, leaving us currently with 310 species, 138 additional subspecies, and 448 total taxa of living tortoises and freshwater turtles.

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Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises that have gone Extinct (†) since 1500 AD

Taxon — Family; Distribution; Approximate Extinction Date ———————————————————————————————————————————————
Chelonoidis (=Geochelone) nigra nigra (†) — Testudinidae; Ecuador: Galapagos: Floreana (Charles); ca. 1850
Chelonoidis (=Geochelone) nigra phantastica (†) — Testudinidae; Ecuador: Galapagos: Fernandina (Narborough); ca. 1960
Cylindraspis inepta (†) — Testudinidae; Mauritius; ca. 1730
Cylindraspis indica (†) — Testudinidae; Réunion; ca. 1800
Cylindraspis triserrata (†) — Testudinidae; Mauritius; ca. 1800
Cylindraspis peltastes (†) — Testudinidae; Rodrigues; ca. 1810
Cylindraspis vosmaeri (†) — Testudinidae Rodrigues ca. 1810
Dipsochelys (=Geochelone) daudinii (†) — Testudinidae; Seychelles; ca. 1850
Kinosternon hirtipes megacephalum (†) — Kinosternidae; Mexico; ca. 1970
Pelusios seychellensis (†) — Pelomedusidae; Seychelles; ca. 1950

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Checklist of Modern Turtle Taxa

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• The following checklist of modern turtle taxa was first compiled and published by the Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (2007b), but has since been modified to also include periodic updates reflecting more recent changes as required by subsequent publications with taxonomic novelties or proposed changes.

• Areas of taxonomic change since the 2007 checklist are indicated by a blue superscript ⁽¹⁾ and annotated at the end of the list.

• The list includes all currently recognized named taxa (species and subspecies) of modern turtles (extant after 1500 AD). By ‘currently recognized’ we mean those taxa that have not been explicitly refuted or synonymized in published literature. In order to be as objective as possible we have accepted most recent published taxonomic recommendations relatively uncritically, even if we may not completely agree with the proposed changes. Since there are also different interpretations for many genera as to which names are valid and whether to lump or split the related taxa, we list most recent competing generic name usages. However, our one criterion for accepting proposed changes is that they be accompanied by data or at least arguments justifying the taxonomic revision. Consequently, some proposed taxonomic changes from lists or publications with unsupported revisions (e.g., from herpetoculturist and/or web-based sources) have not been incorporated. For detailed explanations regarding recent taxonomic changes and/or controversies up through November 2007, see the extensive annotations in Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (2007b).

• The folllowing list does not constitute an official recommendation by the TFTSG regarding the validity or non-validity of any included or excluded taxonomic names or systematic relationships, as such matters are best left to individual researchers and specialists working in these areas. However, we have tried to be consistent in our listing of what appear to be valid taxa and relationships, as based on criteria of published scientific descriptions and proposed taxonomic changes accompanied by data and reasonably sound argumentation.

• Recognized modern turtle taxa (species and subspecies) are listed in bold italics, genera are in non-bold italics. Original description names and synonymized names are in non-bold italics. Competing generic names are generally listed in the order that they were most recently proposed, so their sequence as used here does not infer preference. Turtle taxa that have gone extinct within modern times (since 1500 AD) are indicated by a (†).

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Please help the TFTSG keep this Turtles of the World Checklist up to date by e-mailing us [RhodinCRF@ aol.com and p.vandijk@conservation.org] about new taxonomic information and revisions that should be included here. Thank you.

This list will be gradually expanded to also include all synonyms (using Fritz and Havas 2007 as a starting point, except for nomina nuda and typographical ex errore names, and then updating as necessary based on new publications). We will also gradually add links to pdf’s of these original descriptions for all taxa. Taxa for which pdf’s are available may be accessed by clicking on the linked names. Access to these pdf’s is for one-time scientific use only to facilitate turtle conservation and biology work by individual chelonian researchers and conservationists.

Separate links in parentheses below (CBFTT Account) also indicate those taxa for which accounts have been published on this website in the TFTSG project on Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises (CBFTT). We will gradually publish CBFTT Accounts for all non-marine taxa—species accounts also include subspecies within the account, but some subspecies have separate accounts and are so indicated.

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Testudines
__Cryptodira
____Chelydridae
______Chelydra
…….…….acutirostris Peters 1862
                                   Chelydra serpentina acutirostris Peters 1862
…….…….rossignonii Bocourt 1868
                                   Emysaurus rossignonii Bocourt 1868
…….…….serpentina Linnaeus 1758 ⁽²⁾
                                   Testudo serpentina Linnaeus 1758
                                   Testudo serpentaria Wiedemann 1802
                                   Chelydra lacertina Schweigger 1812
                                   Chelydra emarginata Agassiz 1857
                                   Devisia mythodes Ogilby 1905
______Macrochelys [formerly Macroclemys]
…….…….temminckii Troost 1835
                                   Testudo planitia Gmelin 1789 (nomen suppressum)
                                   Chelonura temminckii Troost 1835
___Chelonioidea
____Cheloniidae
______Caretta
…….…….caretta Linnaeus 1758
                                   Testudo caretta Linnaeus 1758
                                   Testudo cephalo Schneider 1783
                                   Testudo caouana Lacépède 1788
                                   Testudo nasicornis Lacépède 1788
                                   Caretta nasuta Rafinesque 1814
                                   Caretta atra Merrem 1820
                                   Chelonia pelasgorum Bory de Saint-Vincent 1833
                                   Caouana elongata Gray 1844
                                   Thalassochelys corticata Girard 1858
                                   Caretta gigas Deraniyagala 1933
______Chelonia
…….…….mydas Linnaeus 1758
                                   Testudo mydas Linnaeus 1758
                                   Testudo macropus Walbaum 1782 (nomen illegitimum)
                                   Testudo viridis Schneider 1783
                                   Testudo japonica Thunberg 1787
                                   Testudo marina vulgaris Lacépède 1788
                                   Testudo chloronotus Bechstein 1800
                                   Testudo cepediana Daudin 1801
                                   Testudo rugosa Daudin 1801
                                   Chelonia virgata Schweigger 1812
                                   Caretta cepedii Merrem 1820
                                   Caretta esculenta Merrem 1820
                                   Caretta thunbergii Merrem 1820
                                   Chelonia lachrymata Cuvier 1829
                                   Chelonia maculosa Cuvier 1829
                                   Chelonia bicarinata Lesson 1834
                                   Chelonia marmorata Duméril and Bibron 1835
                                   Chelonia formosa Girard 1858
                                   Chelonia tenuis Girard 1858
                                   Chelonia albiventer Nardo 1864
                                   Chelonia agassizii Bocourt 1868
                                   Chelonia lata Philippi 1887
                                   Chelonia mydas carrinegra Caldwell 1962
______Eretmochelys
…….…….imbricata Linnaeus 1766
…….…………imbricata Linnaeus 1766
                                   Testudo imbricata Linnaeus 1766
                                   Chelonia radiata Cuvier 1829
                                   Chelonia griseam Eschscholtz 1829
                                   Chelonia pseudocaretta Lesson 1834
                                   Chelonia pseudomydas Lesson 1834
                                   Onychochelys kraussi Gray 1873
…….…………bissa Rüppell 1835
                                   Caretta bissa Rüppell 1835
                                   Eretmochelys squamata Agassiz 1857
                                   Caretta rostrata Girard 1858
                                   Caretta squamosa Girard 1858
______Lepidochelys
…….…….kempii Garman 1880
                                   Testudo viridisquamosa Lacépède 1788 (nomen suppressum)
                                   Testudo mydas minor Suckow 1788 (nomen suppressum)
                                   Thalassochelys (Colpochelys) kempii Garman 1880
…….…….olivacea Eschscholtz 1829
                                   Chelonia multiscutata Kuhl 1820 (nomen suppressum)
                                   Chelonia olivacea Eschscholtz 1829
                                   Chelonia dussumierii Duméril and Bibron 1835
                                   Cephalochelys oceanica Gray 1873
                                   Thalassiochelys tarapacona Philippi 1887
                                   Thalassochelys controversa Philippi 1899
                                   Caretta remivaga Hay 1908
______Natator
…….…….depressus Garman 1880
____Dermochelyidae
______Dermochelys
…….…….coriacea Vandelli 1761
___Kinosternoidea
____Dermatemydidae
______Dermatemys
…….…….mawii Gray 1847
____Kinosternidae
_____Kinosterninae
______Kinosternon
…….…….acutum Gray 1831b
…….…….alamosae Berry and Legler 1980
…….…….angustipons Legler 1965
…….…….arizonense Gilmore 1922
…….…….baurii Garman 1891
…….…….chimalhuaca Berry, Seidel, and Iverson 1996
…….…….creaseri Hartweg 1934
…….…….dunni Schmidt 1947
…….…….durangoense Iverson 1979
…….…….flavescens Agassiz 1857
…….…….herrerai Stejneger 1925
…….…….hirtipes Wagler 1833
…….…………hirtipes Wagler 1833
…….…………chapalaense Iverson 1981
…….…………magdalense Iverson 1981
…….…………megacephalum Iverson 1981 (†)
…….…………murrayi Glass and Hartweg 1951
…….…………tarascense Iverson 1981
…….…….integrum Le Conte 1854
…….…….leucostomum Duméril and Bibron 1851
…….…………leucostomum Duméril and Bibron 1851
…….…………postinguinale Cope 1887
…….…….oaxacae Berry and Iverson 1980
…….…….scorpioides Linnaeus 1766
…….…………scorpioides Linnaeus 1766
…….…………abaxillare Baur 1925
…….…………albogulare Duméril and Bocourt 1870
…….…………cruentatum Duméril and Bibron 1851
…….…….sonoriense Le Conte 1854
…….…………sonoriense Le Conte 1854
…….…………longifemorale Iverson 1981
…….…….subrubrum Lacépède 1788
…….…………subrubrum Lacépède 1788
…….…………hippocrepis Gray 1856a
…….…………steindachneri Siebenrock 1906b
______Sternotherus [formerly in Kinosternon]
…….…….carinatus Gray 1856a
…….…….depressus Tinkle and Webb 1955
…….…….minor Agassiz 1857
…….…………minor Agassiz 1857
…….…………peltifer Smith and Glass 1947
…….…….odoratus Latreille 1801
_____Staurotypinae
______Claudius
…….…….angustatus Cope 1865
______Staurotypus
…….…….salvinii Gray 1864b
…….…….triporcatus Wiegmann 1828
__Testudinoidea
____Emydidae
____ Deirochelyinae
______Chrysemys
…….…….picta Schneider 1783
…….…………picta Schneider 1783
…….…………bellii Gray 1830
…….…………dorsalis Agassiz 1857
…….…………marginata Agassiz 1857
______Deirochelys
…….…….reticularia Latreille 1801     (CBFTT Account)
…….…………reticularia Latreille 1801
…….…………chrysea Schwartz 1956
…….…………miaria Schwartz 1956
______Graptemys
…….…….barbouri Carr and Marchand 1942
…….…….caglei Haynes and McKown 1974
…….…….ernsti Lovich and McCoy 1992
…….…….flavimaculata Cagle 1954
…….…….geographica LeSueur 1817
…….…….gibbonsi Lovich and McCoy 1992
…….…….nigrinoda Cagle 1954
…….…………delticola Folkerts and Mount 1969
…….…….oculifera Baur 1890
…….…….ouachitensis Cagle 1953
…….…………sabinensis Cagle 195312
…….…….pseudogeographica Gray 1831b
…….…………kohnii Baur 1890
…….…….pulchra Baur 1893c
…….…….versa Stejneger 1925
______Malaclemys
…….…….terrapin Schoepff 1793
…….…………centrata Latreille 1801
…….…………littoralis Hay 1904
…….…………macrospilota Hay 1904
…….…………pileata Wied 1865
…….…………rhizophorarum Fowler 1906
…….…………tequesta Schwartz 1955
______Pseudemys
…….…….alabamensis Baur 1893a
…….…….concinna Le Conte 1830
…….…………floridana Le Conte 1830
…….…………suwanniensis Carr 1937
…….…….gorzugi Ward 1984
…….…….nelsoni Carr 1938a
…….…….peninsularis Carr 1938b
…….…….rubriventris Le Conte 1830
…….…….texana Baur 1893a
______Trachemys
…….…….adiutrix Vanzolini 1995
…….…….callirostris Gray 1856b
…….…………chichiriviche Pritchard and Trebbau 1984
…….…….decorata Barbour and Carr 1940
…….…….decussata Gray 1830
…….…………angusta Barbour and Carr 1940
…….…….dorbigni Duméril and Bibron 1835
…….…….emolli Legler 1990
…….…….gaigeae Hartweg 1939
…….…………hartwegi Legler 1990
…….…….nebulosa Van Denburgh 1895
…….…………hiltoni Carr 1942
…….…….ornata Gray 1830
…….…….scripta Schoepff 1792
…….…………elegans Wied 1839
…….…………troostii Holbrook 1836
…….…….stejnegeri Schmidt 1928
…….…………malonei Barbour and Carr 1938
…….…………vicina Barbour and Carr 1940
…….…….taylori Legler 1960
…….…….terrapen Bonnaterre 1789
…….…….venusta Gray 1856b
…….…………cataspila Günther 1885
…….…………grayi Bocourt 1868
…….…….yaquia Legler and Webb 1970
_____Emydinae
______Clemmys
…….…….guttata Schneider 1792
______Emys or Actinemys
…….…….marmorata Baird and Girard 1852 [formerly in Clemmys]
______Emys or Emydoidea
…….…….blandingii Holbrook 1838
______Emys
…….…….orbicularis Linnaeus 1758
…….…………capolongoi Fritz 1995
…….…………colchica Fritz 1994
…….…………eiselti Fritz, Baran, Budak, and Amthauer 1998
…….…………fritzjuergenobsti Fritz 1993
…….…………galloitalica Fritz 1995
…….…………hellenica Valenciennes 1832
…….…………hispanica Fritz, Keller, and Budde 1996
…….…………iberica Eichwald 1831
…….…………ingauna Jesu, Piombo, Salvidio, Lamagni, Ortale, and Genta 2004
…….…………lanzai Fritz 1995
…….…………luteofusca Fritz 1989
…….…………occidentalis Fritz 1993
…….…………persica Eichwald 1831
…….…….trinacris Fritz, Fattizzo, Guicking, Tripepi, Pennisi, Lenk, Joger, and Wink 2005
______Glyptemys [formerly in Clemmys]
…….…….insculpta Le Conte 1830
…….…….muhlenbergii Schoepff 1801
______Terrapene
…….…….carolina Linnaeus 1758
…….…………bauri Taylor 1895
…….…………major Agassiz 1857
…….…………mexicana Gray 1849
…….…………triunguis Agassiz 1857
…….…………yucatana Boulenger 1895
…….…….coahuila Schmidt and Owens 1944
…….…….nelsoni Stejneger 1925
…….…………klauberi Bogert 1943
…….…….ornata Agassiz 1857
…….…………luteola Smith and Ramsey 1952
____Platysternidae
______Platysternon
…….…….megacephalum Gray 1831c
…….…………peguense Gray 1870b
…….…………shiui Ernst and McCord 1987
__Testudinoidae or Testuguria
____Bataguridae or Geoemydidae
______Batagur
…….…….affinis Cantor 1847 ⁽⁴⁾
…….…….baska Gray 1830 ⁽⁴⁾
…….…….borneoensis Schlegel and Müller 1844 [formerly in Callagur]
…….…….dhongoka Gray 1832 [formerly in Kachuga]
…….…….kachuga Gray 1831a [formerly in Kachuga]
…….…….trivittata Duméril and Bibron 1835 [formerly in Kachuga]
______Cuora
…….…….amboinensis Daudin 1801
…….…………couro Schweigger 1812
…….…………kamaroma Rummler and Fritz 1991
…….…………lineata McCord and Philippen 1998
…….…….aurocapitata Luo and Zong 1988
…….…….flavomarginata Gray 1863d
…….…………evelynae Ernst and Lovich 1990
…….…………sinensis Hsü 1930
…….…….galbinifrons Bourret 1939b
…….…………bourreti Obst and Reimann 1994
…….…………picturata Lehr, Fritz, and Obst 1998
…….…….mccordi Ernst 1988
…….…….mouhotii Gray 1862 [formerly in Pyxidea]
…….…………obsti Fritz, Andreas, and Lehr 1998
…….…….pani Song 1984
…….…….trifasciata Bell 1825
…….…….yunnanensis Boulenger 1906
…….…….zhoui Zhao 1990
______Cyclemys ⁽³⁾
…….…….atripons Iverson and McCord 1997
…….…….dentata Gray 1831b
…….…….enigmatica Fritz, Guicking, Auer, Sommer, Wink, and Hundsdörfer 2008 ⁽³⁾
…….…… fusca Fritz, Guicking, Auer, Sommer, Wink, and Hundsdörfer 2008 ⁽³⁾
…….…… gemeli Fritz, Guicking, Auer, Sommer, Wink, and Hundsdörfer 2008 ⁽³⁾
…….…….oldhamii Gray 1863d ⁽³⁾
…….…….pulchristriata Fritz, Gaulke, and Lehr 1997
______Geoclemys
…….…….hamiltonii Gray 1830
______Geoemyda
…….…….japonica Fan 1931
…….…….spengleri Gmelin 1789
______Hardella
…….…….thurjii Gray 1831b
______Heosemys
…….…….annandalii Boulenger 1903 [formerly in Hieremys]
…….…….depressa Anderson 1875
…….…….grandis Gray 1860b
…….…….spinosa Gray 1830
______Leucocephalon
…….…….yuwonoi McCord, Iverson, and Boeadi 1995 [formerly in Geoemyda or Heosemys]
______Malayemys
…….…….macrocephala Gray 1859
…….…….subtrijuga Schlegel and Müller 1844
______Mauremys
…….…….annamensis Siebenrock 1903a [formerly in Annamemys]
…….…….caspica Gmelin 1774
…….…………siebenrocki Wischuf and Fritz 1997
…….…………ventrimaculata Wischuf and Fritz 1996
…….…….japonica Temminck and Schlegel 1835
…….…….leprosa Schweigger 1812
…….…………saharica Schleich 1996
…….…….mutica Cantor 1842
…….…………kami Yasukawa, Ota, and Iverson 1996
…….…….nigricans Gray 1834 [formerly in Chinemys]
…….…….reevesii Gray1831b [formerly in Chinemys]
…….…….rivulata Valenciennes 1833
…….…….sinensis Gray 1834 [formerly in Ocadia]
______Melanochelys
…….…….tricarinata Blyth 1856
…….…….trijuga Schweigger 1812
…….…………coronata Anderson 1879
…….…………edeniana Theobald 1876
…….…………indopeninsularis Annandale 1913
…….…………parkeri Deraniyagala 1939
…….…………thermalis Lesson 1830
______Morenia
…….…….ocellata Duméril and Bibron 1835
…….…….petersi Anderson 1879
______Notochelys
…….…….platynota Gray 1834
______Orlitia
…….…….borneensis Gray 1873a
______Pangshura [formerly in Kachuga]
…….…….smithii Gray 1863e
…….…………pallidipes Moll 1987
…….…….sylhetensis Jerdon 1870
…….…….tecta Gray 1830
…….…….tentoria Gray 1834
…….…………circumdata Mertens 1969
…….…………flaviventer Günther 1864
______Rhinoclemmys
…….…….annulata Gray 1860a
…….…….areolata Duméril and Bibron 1851
…….…….diademata Mertens 1954
…….…….funerea Cope 1876
…….…….melanosterna Gray 1861
…….…….nasuta Boulenger 1902
…….…….pulcherrima Gray 1856b
…….…………incisa Bocourt 1868
…….…………manni Dunn 1930
…….…………rogerbarbouri Ernst 1978
…….…….punctularia Daudin 1801
…….…………flammigera Paolillo 1985
…….…….rubida Cope 1870
…….…………perixantha Mosimann and Rabb 1953
______Sacalia
…….…….bealei Gray 1831b
…….…….quadriocellata Siebenrock 1903a
______Siebenrockiella
…….…….crassicollis Gray 1830
…….…….leytensis Taylor 1920 [formerly in Heosemys]
______Vijayachelys
…….…….silvatica Henderson 1912 [formerly in Geoemyda]
____Testudinidae
______Aldabrachelys or Dipsochelys [formerly in Geochelone]
…….…….arnoldi Bour 1982
…….…….daudinii Duméril and Bibron 1835 (†)
…….…….dussumieri Gray 1831b [or gigantea Schweigger 1812]
…….…….hololissa Günther 1877
______Astrochelys [formerly in Geochelone]
…….…….radiata Shaw 1802
______Astrochelys or Angonoka [formerly in Geochelone]
…….…….yniphora Vaillant 1885a
______Chelonoidis [formerly in Geochelone]
…….…….carbonaria Spix 1824
…….…….chilensis Gray 1870a
…….…….denticulata Linnaeus 1766
…….…….nigra Quoy and Gaimard 1824
…….…………abingdonii Günther 1877
…….…………becki Rothschild 1901
…….…………chathamensis Van Denburgh 1907
…….…………darwini Van Denburgh 1907
…….…………duncanensis Garman 1917
…….…………hoodensis Van Denburgh 1907
…….………… (nigra Quoy and Gaimard 1824) (†)
…….…………phantastica Van Denburgh 1907 (†)
…….…………porteri Rothschild 1903
…….…………vicina Günther 1875
…….…….petersi Freiberg 1973
______Chersina
…….…….angulata Schweigger 1812
______Cylindraspis
…….…….indica Schneider 1783 (†)
…….…….inepta Günther 1873 (†)
…….…….peltastes Duméril and Bibron 1835 (†)
…….…….triserrata Günther 1873 (†)
…….…….vosmaeri Suckow 1798 (†)
______Geochelone
…….…….elegans Schoepff 1795
…….…….platynota Blyth 1863
______Geochelone or Centrochelys
…….…….sulcata Miller 1779
______Gopherus
…….…….agassizii Cooper 1863
…….…….berlandieri Agassiz 1857
…….…….flavomarginatus Legler 1959
…….…….polyphemus Daudin 1801
______Homopus
…….…….areolatus Thunberg 1787
…….…….boulengeri Duerden 1906
…….…….femoralis Boulenger 1888a
…….…….signatus Gmelin 1789
…….…………cafer Daudin 1801
…….…….solus Branch 2007
______Indotestudo
…….…….elongata Blyth 1853
…….…….forstenii Schlegel and Müller 1844
…….…….travancorica Boulenger 1907
______Kinixys
…….…….belliana Gray 1830⁽⁶⁾
…….…………domerguei Vuillemin 1972
…….…………zombensis Hewitt 1931
…….…….erosa Schweigger 1812
…….…….homeana Bell 1827
…….…….lobatsiana Power 1927
…….…….natalensis Hewitt 1935
…….…… nogueyi Lataste 1886⁽⁶⁾
…….…….spekii Gray 1863c
______Malacochersus
…….…….tornieri Siebenrock 1903b
______Manouria
…….…….emys Schlegel and Müller 1844
…….…………phayrei Blyth 1853
…….…….impressa Günther 1882
______Psammobates
…….…….geometricus Linnaeus 1758
…….…….oculifer Kuhl 1820
…….…….tentorius Bell 1828
…….…………trimeni Boulenger 1886
…….…………verroxii Smith 1839
______Pyxis
…….…….arachnoides Bell 1827
…….…………brygooi Vuillemin and Domergue 1972
…….…………oblonga Gray 1869
…….…….planicauda Grandidier 1867
______Stigmochelys or Psammobates [formerly in Geochelone]
…….…….pardalis Bell 1828
…….…………babcocki Loveridge 1935
______Testudo
…….…….graeca Linnaeus 1758
…….…………armeniaca Chkhikvadze and Bakradze 1991
…….…………buxtoni Boulenger 1921
…….…………cyrenaica Pieh and Perälä 2002
…….…………ibera Pallas 1814
…….…………lamberti Pieh and Perälä 2004
…….…………marokkensis Pieh and Perälä 2004
…….…………nabeulensis Highfield 1990
…….…………soussensis Pieh 2001
…….…………terrestris Forsskål 1775
…….…………zarudnyi Nikolsky 1896
…….…….kleinmanni Lortet 1883
…….…….marginata Schoepff 1793
______Testudo or Agrionemys
…….…….hermanni Gmelin 1789
…….…………boettgeri Mojsisovics 1889
…….…….horsfieldii Gray 1844
…….…….kazachstanica Chkhikvadze 1988
…….…….rustamovi Chkhikvadze, Amiranashvili, and Ataev 1990
__Trionychia
____Carettochelyidae
______Carettochelys
…….…….insculpta Ramsay 1886 ⁽⁵⁾
____Trionychidae
_____Cyclanorbinae
______Cyclanorbis
…….…….elegans Gray 1869
…….…….senegalensis Duméril and Bibron 1835
______Cycloderma
…….…….aubryi Duméril 1856
…….…….frenatum Peters 1854
______Lissemys
…….…….punctata Bonnaterre 1789
…….…………andersoni Webb 1980
…….…….scutata Peters 1868
_____Trionychinae
______Amyda
…….…….cartilaginea Boddaert 1770
______Apalone
…….…….ferox Schneider 1783
…….…….mutica LeSueur 1827
…….…………calvata Webb 1959
…….…….spinifera LeSueur 1827
…….…………aspera Agassiz 1857
…….…………atra Webb and Legler 1960
…….…………emoryi Agassiz 1857
…….…………guadalupensis Webb 1962
…….…………hartwegi Conant and Goin 1948
…….…………pallida Webb 1962
______Aspideretes or Nilssonia
…….…….gangetica Cuvier 1825
…….…….hurum Gray 1830
…….…….leithii Gray 1872
…….…….nigricans Anderson 1875
______Chitra
…….…….chitra Nutaphand 1986
…….…………javanensis McCord and Pritchard 2003
…….…….indica Gray 1830
…….…….vandijki McCord and Pritchard 2003
______Dogania
…….…….subplana Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809
______Nilssonia
…….…….formosa Gray 1869
______Palea
…….…….steindachneri Siebenrock 1906a
______Pelochelys
…….…….bibroni Owen 1853
…….…….cantorii Gray 1864a
…….…….signifera Webb 2003
______Pelodiscus
…….…….axenaria Zhou, Zhang, and Fang 1991
…….…….maackii Brandt 1857
…….…….parviformis Tang 1997
…….…….sinensis Wiegmann 1835
______Rafetus
…….…….euphraticus Daudin 1801
…….…….swinhoei Gray 1873b
______Trionyx
…….…….triunguis Forsskål 1775
__Pleurodira
____Chelidae
______Acanthochelys
…….…….macrocephala Rhodin, Mittermeier, and McMorris 1984
…….…….pallidipectoris Freiberg 1945
…….…….radiolata Mikan 1820
…….…….spixii Duméril and Bibron 1835
______Chelodina
…….…….canni McCord and Thomson 2002
…….…….gunaleni McCord and Joseph-Ouni 2007a
…….…….longicollis Shaw 1794
…….…….mccordi Rhodin 1994b
…….…………roteensis McCord, Joseph-Ouni, and Hagen 2007a
…….…….novaeguineae Boulenger 1888b
…….…….pritchardi Rhodin 1994a
…….…….reimanni Philippen and Grossmann 1990
…….…….steindachneri Siebenrock 1914
…….…….timorensis McCord, Joseph-Ouni, and Hagen 2007b
______Chelodina or Macrochelodina
…….…….burrungandjii Thomson, Kennett, and Georges 2000
…….…….expansa Gray 1857
…….…….kuchlingi Cann 1997d
…….…….parkeri Rhodin and Mittermeier 1976
…….…….rugosa Ogilby 1890
…….…….walloyarrina McCord and Joseph-Ouni 2007b ⁽¹⁾
______Chelodina or Macrodiremys ⁽¹⁾
…….…….oblonga Gray 1841 ⁽¹⁾
______Chelus
…….…….fimbriata Schneider 1783
______Elseya
…….…….albagula Thomson, Georges, and Limpus 2006
…….…….branderhorsti Ouwens 1914
…….…….dentata Gray 1863a
…….…….irwini Cann 1997c
…….…….jukesi Wells 2007b
…….…….lavarackorum White and Archer 1994
…….…….novaeguineae Meyer 1874
…….…….schultzei Vogt 1911
…….…….stirlingi Wells 2007b
______Elseya or Wollumbinia
…….…….bellii Gray 1844
…….…….georgesi Cann 1997a
…….…….latisternum Gray 1867
…….…….purvisi Wells and Wellington 1985
______Elusor
…….…….macrurus Cann and Legler 1994
______Emydura
…….…….australis Gray 1841
…….…….macquarii Gray 1830
…….…………binjing Cann 1998
…….…………dharra Cann 1998
…….…………dharuk Cann 1998
…….…………emmotti Cann, McCord, and Joseph-Ouni 2003
…….…………gunabarra Cann 1998
…….…………krefftii Gray 1871
…….…………nigra McCord, Cann, and Joseph-Ouni 2003
…….…………signata Ahl 1932
…….…….subglobosa Krefft 1876
…….…………worrelli Wells and Wellington 1985
…….…….tanybaraga Cann 1997b
…….…….victoriae Gray 1842
______Hydromedusa
…….…….maximiliani Mikan 1825
…….…….tectifera Cope 1870
______Phrynops
…….…….geoffroanus Schweigger 1812
…….…….hilarii Duméril and Bibron 1835
…….…….tuberosus Peters 1870
…….…….williamsi Rhodin and Mittermeier 1983
______Batrachemys or Mesoclemmys [formerly in Phrynops]
…….…….dahli Zangerl and Medem 1958
…….…….heliostemma McCord, Joseph-Ouni, and Lamar 2001
…….…….nasuta Schweigger 1812
…….…….raniceps Gray 1856b
…….…….tuberculata Luederwaldt 1926
…….…….zuliae Pritchard and Trebbau 1984
______Mesoclemmys [formerly in Phrynops]
…….…….gibba Schweigger 1812
…….…….perplexa Bour and Zaher 2005
______Mesoclemmys or Bufocephala [formerly in Phrynops]
…….…….vanderhaegei Bour 1973
______Mesoclemmys or Ranacephala [formerly in Phrynops]
…….…….hogei Mertens 1967
______Phrynops or Rhinemys
…….…….rufipes Spix 1824
______Platemys
…….…….platycephala Schneider 1792
…….…………melanonota Ernst 1984
______Pseudemydura
…….…….umbrina Siebenrock 1901
______Rheodytes
…….…….leukops Legler and Cann 1980
____Pelomedusidae
______Pelomedusa
…….…….subrufa Lacépède 1788
______Pelusios
…….…….adansonii Schweigger 1812
…….…….bechuanicus FitzSimons 1932
…….…….broadleyi Bour 1986
…….…….carinatus Laurent 1956
…….…….castaneus Schweigger 1812
…….…….castanoides Hewitt 1931
…….…………intergularis Bour 1983
…….…….chapini Laurent 1965
…….…….cupulatta Bour and Maran 2003
…….…….gabonensis Duméril 1856
…….…….marani Bour 2000
…….…….nanus Laurent 1956
…….…….niger Duméril and Bibron 1835
…….…….rhodesianus Hewitt 1927
…….…….seychellensis Siebenrock 1906c (†)
…….…….sinuatus Smith 1838
…….…….subniger Bonnaterre 1789
…….…………parietalis Bour 1983
…….…….upembae Broadley 1981
…….…….williamsi Laurent 1965
…….…………laurenti Bour 1984
…….…………lutescens Laurent 1965
____Podocnemididae or Podocnemidae
______Erymnochelys
…….…….madagascariensis Grandidier 1867
______Peltocephalus
…….…….dumerilianus Schweigger 1812
______Podocnemis
…….…….erythrocephala Spix 1824
…….…….expansa Schweigger 1812
…….…….lewyana Duméril 1852
…….…….sextuberculata Cornalia 1849
…….…….unifilis Troschel 1848
…….…….vogli Müller 1935

Changes in this Checklist since publication by Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (2007b), indicated above by blue superscripts:

⁽¹⁾ Addition of one new species, Chelodina walloyarrina, and one new genus, Macrodiremys, with discussion of relationships of oblonga Gray 1841 by McCord and Joseph-Ouni 2007b.
⁽²⁾ Recommendation of synonymization of Chelydra serpentina osceola Stejneger 1918 under serpentina Linnaeus 1766, by Shaffer et al. 2008.
⁽³⁾ Revision of the genus Cyclemys by Fritz et al. 2008, recommending synonymization of shanensis Annandale 1918 and tcheponensis Bourret 1939a under oldhamii Gray 1863d and description of three new species (enigmatica, fusca, and gemeli).
⁽⁴⁾ Praschag et al (2008) split Batagur baska based on mtDNA and demonstrated the validity of Batagur affinis.
⁽⁵⁾ Carettochelys insculpta canni Wells 2002 is not considered an available name for nomenclatural purposes (Fritz and Havas 2007; Georges et al. 2008).
⁽⁶⁾ Kinixys nogueyi Lataste 1886 was elevated from being a subspecies of K. belliana to full species status by McCord et al. (2005) based on minimal argumentation and published in a hobbyist magazine. This action was not noted by either TTWG (2007b) or Fritz and Havas (2007), but may be valid (D.G. Broadley, pers. comm.)